| Schedule | Constraint | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 41.4 Gy / 23 fx Preoperative | Mean ≤28–30 Gy | eviQ 1861 |
| V30 Gy <30% | eviQ 1861 | |
| 50.4 Gy / 28 fx Definitive; also 50 Gy / 25 fx | Mean ≤28–30 Gy | eviQ 1865 |
| V30 Gy <30% | eviQ 1865 |
Assumes normal liver function.
Quoted from eviQ 1861 and eviQ 1865, checked 2026-09-29. Full table with references →
Assumes normal liver function; a mean under 20 Gy should be achievable.
Quoted from eviQ 3581, checked 2026-09-29. Full table with references →
| Schedule | Constraint | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 42–54 Gy / 3 fx Liver metastases | Mean ≤13 Gy (optimal), ≤15 Gy (mandatory) | UK SABR consensus 2022 |
| ≥700 cc of liver <15 Gy | LARK (TROG 17.03) | |
| 27.5–60 Gy / 5 fx HCC or metastases | Mean ≤13 Gy (optimal), ≤15.2 Gy (mandatory) | UK SABR consensus 2022 |
| ≥700 cc of liver <15 Gy | LARK (TROG 17.03) | |
| HCC: mean ≤13 Gy (50 Gy) to ≤17 Gy (27.5 Gy) | LARK (TROG 17.03) |
Liver minus GTV. For HCC, favor the optimal limits; limits assume Child-Pugh A.
Quoted from eviQ 4026 and eviQ 4024, checked 2026-09-29. Full table with references →
The largest solid organ in the abdomen, filling the right upper quadrant under the diaphragm and extending across the midline. It is divided into right, left, caudate and quadrate lobes and is supplied by the hepatic artery and portal vein, which enter with the bile duct at the porta hepatis. The liver moves with breathing, often by a centimeter or more.
The liver filters the blood, makes bile and many proteins, stores energy and clears drugs and toxins.
The liver is a parallel organ: it tolerates high dose to a small part as long as enough healthy liver is spared. The classic toxicity is radiation-induced liver disease (RILD), weeks to months after treatment.
Jabbour 2014 (RTOG upper abdominal consensus):
Timmerman 2022 (Tables 8–11, written for its SBRT dose tables): right and left lobes as one structure, all liver tissue minus the GTV, the major draining ducts, the portal vein outside the liver, and the gallbladder.
RTOG consensus guidelines and atlas for delineating upper abdominal normal organs. Citation checked against Europe PMC.
An editorial history of the UT Southwestern SABR constraint tables — often called the “Timmerman tables” — covering how they were developed and revised, and their relationship to AAPM TG-101 and NRG/RTOG protocols. Tables 2–11 separate serial tissues (listed with a volume, a volume max and a max point dose) from parallel tissues (listed with a critical volume and a critical-volume dose max). In Tables 2–7 a footnote defines “point” as ≤0.035 cm³; Tables 8–11 add a contouring-instructions column for each structure.